MOC-31
MOC-31 is a monoclonal antibody which recognises a 38 kDa glycoprotein (epithelial glycoprotein 2, EGP-2) of unknown function in epithelial cells. It was raised using neuramidase-treated cells from a small cell carcinoma as the immunogen16. It is expressed by a wide range of carcinomas. The epitope is similar to that identified by EMA19.
Immunohistochemical expression
It is expressed by a wide range of carcinomas but not lymphomas, melanomas, mesotheliomas or neuroblastomas17
Diagnostic utility
The antigen is usually expressed by adenocarcinomas, but is usually negative in mesotheliomas.
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adenocarcinoma
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mesothelioma
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Delahaye 19911 (cytological specimens)
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19/31(various sites of origin)
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2/24
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Ruitenbeeck 19942
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62/63(various sites of origin)
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1/5
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Edwards 19953
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43/44(Various sites of origin. On review, the one negative case was reclassified as a "tumor of uncertain nature".)
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1/43(On review, the one positive case was considered more consistent with a "pseudomesotheliomatous" adenocarcinoma.)
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Leers 19984
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18/21
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4/20
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Kuenen-Boumeester 19965 (cytological specimens)
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56/56(various sites of origin)
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7/8
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Delahaye 1997 (cytological specimens)11
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67/88(various sites of origin)
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5/41
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Sosolik 19977
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23/23(Pulmonary adenocarcinomas. Most cases showed strong diffuse membrane staining.)
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1/23(The staining in the one positive case was weak and membranous.)
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Ordonez 19986
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85/95(various sites of origin: 40/10 pulmonary adenocarcinomas were positive)
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2/38
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Leers 199813
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20/21(various sites of origin. 18 cases showing staining of >10% of cells, 2 cases showed staining of <10% of cells.)
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10/20(4 cases showing staining of >10% of cells, 6 cases showed staining of <10% of cells.)
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Chenard-Neu 199812
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30/30(various sites of origin)
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4/28(All histological types)
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Morgan (cytological specimens)14
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54/57(various sites of origin)
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1/6
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Oate 20008
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36/40(Pulmonary adenocarcinomas)
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2/42(All histological types)
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Gonzalez-Lois 20019
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21/23(various sites of origin)
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6/44(6/34 epithelioid, 0/5 sarcomatoid, 0/1 mixed and 0/1 lymphohistiocytoid mesotheliomas)
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Carella 200110
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18/20(Pulmonary adenocarcinomas)
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5/46(All histological types)
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Ordonez 200315
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50/50(all primary lung adenocarcinomas: 21 case >75% of cells stained, 19 cases 50-75% of cells, 7 cases 25-50% of cells and 3 cases 1-25% of cells)
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5/60(all epithelioid mesotheliomas: 3 cases 3-10% of cells and 2 cases <1% of cells. Positivity occurred in the cytoplasm and along the cell membrane)
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Overall
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91% (602/662)
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12% (56/448)
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A systematic review of seven studies (consisting of 213 pulmonary adenocarcinomas and 276 epithelioid mesotheliomas) reported sensitivities and specificities of MOC-31 for pulmonary adenocarcinoma of 93% and 93%19.
References
1 Delahaye, M., Hoogsteden, H. C., Van der Kwast, T. H. Immunocytochemistry of malignant mesothelioma: OV632 as a marker of malignant mesothelioma. J Pathol 1991;165:137-43.
2 Ruitenbeek, T., Gouw, A. S., Poppema, S. Immunocytology of body cavity fluids. MOC-31, a monoclonal antibody discriminating between mesothelial and epithelial cells. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1194;118:265-9.
3 Edwards, C., Oates, J. OV 632 and MOC 31 in the diagnosis of mesothelioma and adenocarcinoma: an assessment of their use in formalin fixed and paraffin wax embedded material. J Clin Pathol 1995;48: 626-30.
4 Leers, M. P., Aarts, M. M., Theunissen, P. H. E-cadherin and calretinin: a useful combination of immunochemical markers for differentiation between mesothelioma and metastatic adenocarcinoma. Histopathology 1998;32:209-16.
5 Kuenen-Boumeester, V., van Loenen, P., de Bruijn, E. M., Henzen-Logmans, S. C. Quality control of immunocytochemical staining of effusions using a standardized method of cell processing. Acta Cytol 1996;40:475-9.
6 Ordonez, N. G. Value of the Ber-EP4 antibody in differentiating epithelial pleural mesothelioma from adenocarcinoma. The M.D. Anderson experience and a critical review of the literature. Am J Clin Pathol 1998;109:85-90.
7 Sosolik, R. C., McGaughy, V. R., De Young, B. R. Anti-MOC-31: a potential addition to the pulmonary adenocarcinoma versus mesothelioma immunohistochemistry panel. Mod Pathol 1997;10:716-9.
8 Oates, J., Edwards, C. HBME-1, MOC-31, WT1 and calretinin: an assessment of recently described markers for mesothelioma and adenocarcinoma. Histopathology 2000;36:341-7.
9 Gonzalez-Lois, C., Ballestin, C., Sotelo, M. T., Lopez-Rios, F., Garcia-Prats, M. D., Villena, V. Combined use of novel epithelial (MOC-31) and mesothelial (HBME-1) immunohistochemical markers for optimal first line diagnostic distinction between mesothelioma and metastatic carcinoma in pleura. Histopathology 2001;38:528-34.
10 Carella R et al. Immunohistochemical panels for differentiating epithelial malignant mesothelioma from lung adenocarcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol 2001;25:43-50.
11 Delahaye, M., F. van der Ham, et al. (1997). "Complementary value of five carcinoma markers for the diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma, adenocarcinoma metastasis, and reactive mesothelium in serous effusions." Diagn Cytopathol 17(2): 115-20.
12 Chenard-Neu, M. P., A. Kabou, et al. (1998). "[Immunohistochemistry in the differential diagnosis of mesothelioma and adenocarcinoma. Evaluation of 5 new antibodies and 6 traditional antibodies]." Ann Pathol 18(6): 460-5.
13 Leers, M. P., M. M. Aarts, et al. (1998). "E-cadherin and calretinin: a useful combination of immunochemical markers for differentiation between mesothelioma and metastatic adenocarcinoma." Histopathology 32(3): 209-16.
14 Morgan, R. L., B. R. De Young, et al. (1999). "MOC-31 aids in the differentiation between adenocarcinoma and reactive mesothelial cells." Cancer 87(6): 390-4.
15 Ordonez, N. G. (2003). "The immunohistochemical diagnosis of mesothelioma: a comparative study of epithelioid mesothelioma and lung adenocarcinoma." Am J Surg Pathol 27(8): 1031-51.
16 De Leij, L., W. Helrich, et al. (1994). "SCLC-cluster-2 antibodies detect the pancarcinoma/epithelial glycoprotein EGP-2." Int J Cancer Suppl 8: 60-3.
17 Ordonez, N. G. (1998). "Desmoplastic small round cell tumor: II: an ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study with emphasis on new immunohistochemical markers." Am J Surg Pathol 22(11): 1314-27.
18 Pan, C. C., P. C. Chen, et al. (2004). "The diagnostic utility of MOC31, BerEP4, RCC marker and CD10 in the classification of renal cell carcinoma and renal oncocytoma: an immunohistochemical analysis of 328 cases." Histopathology 45(5): 452-9.
19 King JE, Thatcher N, Pickering CA, et al. Sensitivity and specificity of immunohistochemical markers used in the diagnosis of epithelioid mesothelioma: a detailed systematic analysis using published data. Histopathology 2006; 48:223-32
This page last revised 16.2.2006.
©SMUHT/PW Bishop