Merkel cell polyomavirus

The Merkel cell polyomavirus is a novel polyoma virus that is clonally integrated at various sites in the genome of up to 85% of Merkel cell carcinomas.  A monoclonal  antibody can recognize a MCV-associated T antigen in formalin fixed and paraffin-embedded tumour tissue.  Positive staining is nuclear.

Immunohistochemical expression

    immunohistochemistry for Merkel cell polyomavirus quantitative PCR for Merkel cell polyomavirus CK20
for primary and metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma microarray

CK20

 

 
positive negative total
immunohistochemistry for Merkel cell polyomavirus positive 26 2 27
negative 6 2 8
  total
 
32 4 36
 
Primary cutaneous Merkel cell carcinoma 5/81 8/91 8/81
Merkel cell carcinoma metastatic to lymph node 5/71 7/81 6/71
Primary cutaneous Merkel cell carcinoma microarray 12/141   13/141  
Merkel cell carcinoma metastatic to lymph node
 microarray
15/221   19/221

Combined squamous and neuroendocrine carcinomas of the skin

0/71   7/71
Primary pulmonary small cell carcinoma 0/161   0/161
Primary pulmonary large cell carcinoma 0/101   0/101

Primary parotid high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma

0/73 0/73 5/73
       

A study by PCR of visceral high grade neuroendocrine tumours did not detect Merkel cell polyomavirus in any of 73 cases2.

Diagnostic utility

References

1 Busam KJ, Jungbluth AA, Rekthman N, Coit D, Pulitzer M, Bini J, et al. Merkel cell polyomavirus expression in merkel cell carcinomas and its absence in combined tumors and pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas. Am J Surg Pathol. 2009 Sep;33(9):1378-85.

2 Duncavage EJ, Le BM, Wang D, Pfeifer JD. Merkel cell polyomavirus: a specific marker for Merkel cell carcinoma in histologically similar tumors. Am J Surg Pathol. 2009 Dec;33(12):1771-7.

3 Chernock RD, Duncavage EJ, Gnepp DR, El-Mofty SK, Lewis JS, Jr. Absence of Merkel cell polyomavirus in primary parotid high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas regardless of cytokeratin 20 immunophenotype. Am J Surg Pathol. 2011 Dec;35(12):1806-11.

 

This page last revised 7.3.20120.

 

©SMUHT/PW Bishop